Entitlements in climate policy
A major challenge as the regime evolves is whether a system of freely-distributed quotas at the national level can be phased out over time, or whether it will exist for decades. A perspective allowing gratis quotas to live for a long time is one of ‘entitlements´ in which government does not have sufficient strength or commitment to deny agents something that they a) need (to produce, or to exist) and b) by convention have been entitled to. This perspective is quite consistent with the historically forceful concept (in other environmental areas) of ‘best available technology,´ and motivates research on technology standards as a basis for awarding quotas. The third subtask in this research will examine technology development and standards by combining three analytic elements: incentives, distribution, and government strength.
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